The Use of Adjective & Adverb_TOEFL Part 4 Writing Skill

 

TOEFL MASTER

WRITING SKILL

“MODIFIER: THE USE OF ADJECTIVE & ADVERB“

 

Hi, sobat!

Tahukah kamu apa itu modifier? Ya, modifier merupakan sebuah kata atau sekumpulan kata yang memodifikasi kata lainnya dalam sebuah kalimat. Modifiers dalam bahasa Inggris dapat berupa adverb (kata keterangan), adjective (kata sifat), conjunction (kata hubung), article (kata sandang), dan sebagainya.

 

Apa itu Adjective?

Adjective, disebut juga adjektiva atau kata sifat merupakan kata yang berfungsi untuk mensifati atau menerangkan kualitas atau karakteristik suatu benda (noun) atau kata ganti (pronoun), seperti bentuk, ukuran, ciri-ciri, dan sebagainya. Dalam bahasa Inggris, adjective seringkali berada tepat sebelum noun dan membentuk noun phrase (frasa nomina. Contohnya: an interesting story, the luxurious car, the difficult situation, dan sebagainya. Selain itu, adjective pada umumnya dapat dibedakan menjadi beberapa macam yaitu Opinion (Pendapat), Size (Ukuran), Age (Masa Atau Umur), Shape (Bentuk), Color (Warna), Origin (Asal Tempat), Material (Bahan), dan Purpose (Tujuan). Kata-kata tersebut disingkat menjadi “OSAShCOMP”.

Baca Juga: Part of Speech: Adjective

 

Apa itu Adverb?

Adverb, disebut juga adverbial atau kata keterangan merupakan kata yang berfungsi untuk menerangkan verb (kata kerja), adjective (kata sifat), maupun adverb (kata keterangan) lainnya. Sebagai kata keterangan, adverb ini memberikan penjelasan terkait waktu, tempat, cara, derajat keseringan, dan lain-lain. Kemudian, kata ini umumnya dapat berada di awal, tengah, ataupun akhir kalimat. Kebanyakan adverb berakhiran dengan “-ly”.

Baca Juga: Part of Speech: Adverb

 

Pada kesempatan kali ini, kita akan membahas terkait penggunaan adjective dan adverb dalam sebuah kalimat.  Yuk, simak penjelasannya berikut ini!

 

The Use of Adjective &Adverb

Dalam mengerjakan soal TOEFL, terutama dalam bagian writing skills, kita harus memperhatikan penggunaan dan kedudukan adjective dan adverb dalam sebuah kalimat. Seringkali, kita menjumpai penempatan yang salah, baik adjective ataupun adverb dalam kalimat. Berikut ini beberapa hal penting yang harus kita ketahui terkait penggunaan adjective dan adverb. 

 

1.      Adjective memodifikasi noun (kata benda) dan pronoun (kata ganti). Adjective biasanya berada tepat sebelum noun dan gabungan dari keduanya ini membentuk satu kesatuan makna menjadi noun phrase (frasa nomina). Sedangkan, adjective juga memodifikas atau menerangkan pronoun dalam sebuah kalimat nominal. Perhatikan contoh berikut ini.

His recent accident caused a sudden change in his behaviour.

He is intelligent.

 

2.      Adverb memodifikasi verb (kata kerja). Adverb berfungsi menerangkan verb ini umumnya membentuk verb phrase (frasa verba). Kemudian, adverb dalam hal ini biasanya berada sebelum main verb (kata kerja utama) ataupun sesudahnya. Perhatikan contoh berikut ini.

He had an accident recently, and his behavior changed suddenly.

He spoke intelligently.

He never lied to me.

 

3.      Adverb juga memodifikasi adjective (kata sifat). Adverb juga dapat memodifikasi adjective (kata sifat). Gabungan dari kata ini, baik adjverb dan adjective, menjadi adjective phrase (frasa adjectiva) atau menjadi satu dalam noun phrase (frasa nomina). Dalam hal ini, adverb berada sebelum adjective itu sendiri. Perhatikan contoh berikut ini.

He grew an especially small tree.

He was a highly motivated young man.

It was a cleverly planned operation.

 

4.      Adverb juga memodifikasi adverb (kata keterangan) lainnya. Dalam hal ini, dua adverb muncul bersamaan membentuk adverb phrase (frasa adverbial).

She could run very quickly.

 

Catatan:

a.      Kebanyakan Adverb (kata keterangan) dalam bahasa Inggris berakhiran dengan “-ly”.

b.      Beberapa kata, baik adjective (kata sifat) ataupun adverb (kata keterangan) memiliki bentuk yang sama. Contoh:

 

Adjective	Adverb
Late	Late
Fast	Fast
Hard	Hard

 

c.       Adverb dari adjective “good” adalah “well”.

 

Error Examples

Perhatikan beberapa contoh penggunaan adjective atau adverb yang salah pada kalimat berikut ini dan pembenarannya!

 

Wrong Sentence	Right Sentence
Do it carefully, if not perfect.	Do it carefully, if not perfectly.
He is an extreme pleasant person.	He is an extremely pleasant person.
It was an interesting designed museum.	It was an interestingly designed museum.
He worked hardly at the factory all day.	He worked hard at the factory all day.
You should order that book real soon.	You should order that book really soon.
My sister plays the piano very good.	My sister plays the piano very well.

 

Skill Builder 4: The Use of Adjective & Adverb

Direction: There is some adjective or adverb in these sentences. Decide if the sentences below are correct “C” or incorrect “I”.

(_____) 1. The bus arrived lately, so I missed my first class.

(_____) 2. We did not pass the test, but we certainly tried hard.

(_____) 3.  The train left at exactly 5:00 p.m.

(_____) 4. When Ms. Smith went to Germany, she bought an exquisitely carved vase.

(_____) 5.  They had a real good chance of winning the national competition.

(_____) 6.  Computers process data efficiently.

(_____) 7.  We worked hard and saved enough money to take a trip.

(_____) 8.  There was a hasty called meeting to discuss the bus strike.

(_____) 9.  He was thorough interested in the subject.

(_____) 10. That dress fits her perfectly.

(_____) 11. She likes her students to arrive prompt for class.

(_____) 12.  We studied really hard for the test.

(_____) 13.  He was bright and attractive.

(_____) 14.  The child ran fastly to get to school.

(_____) 15.  He wrote his paper really good.

(_____) 16.  The careful organized tour of the city was a huge success.

(_____) 17.  You cannot possibly imagine how embarrassed I was yesterday.

(_____) 18. Although he plays soccer well, he plays tennis bad.

(_____) 19. I read an interestingly written report.

(_____) 20.  The time went by very fastly on our vacation.

 

Key Answer & Its Correction

(I) 1. The bus arrived late, so I missed my first class.

(C) 2. We did not pass the test, but we certainly tried hard.

(C) 3.  The train left at exactly 5:00 p.m.

(C) 4. When Ms. Smith went to Germany, she bought an exquisitely carved vase. (dapat juga an exquisite, carved vase)

(I) 5.  They had a really good chance of winning the national competition.

(C) 6.  Computers process data efficiently.

(C) 7.  We worked hard and saved enough money to take a trip.

(I) 8.  There was a hastily called meeting to discuss the bus strike.

(I) 9.  He was thoroughly interested in the subject.

(C) 10. That dress fits her perfectly.

(I) 11. She likes her students to arrive promptly for class.

(C) 12.  We studied really hard for the test.

(I) 13.  He was bright and attractive.

(I) 14.  The child ran fast to get to school.

(I) 15.  He wrote his paper really well.

(I) 16.  The carefully organized tour of the city was a huge success.

(C) 17.  You cannot possibly imagine how embarrassed I was yesterday.

(I) 18. Although he plays soccer well, he plays tennis badly.

(C) 19. I read an interestingly written report.

(I) 20.  The time went by very fast on our vacation.

 

See Also

Part of Speech

Part of Speech: Adjective

Part of Speech: Adverb

 

Source

Peterson`s (www.petersons.com). (2007). Peterson`s Master TOEFL Writing Skills. Peterson`s, a Nelnet Company

 

Demikian tadi sekilas Pembahasan TOEFL Writing Skills terkait “Modifier: The Use of Adjective-Adverb”. Semoga bermanfaat dan dapat menambah wawasan baru bagi kita dalam mempelajari bahasa Inggris; serta, terutama bagi kalian yang ingin atau akan mengikuti tes TOEFL.

Penulis mengharapkan saran dan kritik yang membangun dari para pembaca berkaitan dengan konteks atau isi tulisan sehingga nantinya hal tersebut dapat penulis jadikan inspirasi dan motivasi untuk melakukan perbaikan dan pengembangan tulisan berikutnya. Terima kasih 😊