Word Often Confused Part 1_TOEFL "Style" Part 6 Writing Skill

TOEFL MASTER

WRITING SKILL

“STYLE: WORDS OFTEN CONFUSED PART 1“

Gambar 1. Word Often Confused (Kata Yang Sering Membingungkan) TOEFL Writing Skill

Hi, sobat!

Pernahkah kalian merasa bingung untuk menggunakan vocabulary yang tepat ketika belajar berbicara atau menulis dalam bahasa Inggris? Dalam bahasa Inggris terdapat beberapa aturan penggunaan beberapa kata dalam membentuk sebuah frasa atau kalimat. Hal ini dikarenakan kata-kata tersebut memiliki makna yang sama; namun, memiliki fungsi dan penggunaan yang berbeda dalam sebuah kalimat. Sementara itu, kita juga dapat menemukan beberapa kata memiliki bentuk dan bunyi yang sama, tetapi kata-kata tersebut memiliki makna yang berbeda. Hal ini seringkali disebut dengan “Minimal Pairs”.

Pengguanaan sebuah kata dalam kalimat tidak hanya mempertimbangkan arti kata itu sendiri, tertapi juga perlu memperhatikan gramatika dan konteks kalimat sehingga nantinya kalimat tersebut tidak menjadi rancu dan ambigu. Oleh karena, itu penting bagi kita, tetutama pelajar EFL, mempelajari beberapa fungsi dan penggunaan kata-kata berikut dalam kalimat baik secara tertulis atau lisan sehingga nantinya dapat menyusun kalimat yang padu dan benar dalam bahasa Inggris.

Pada kesempatan kali ini, kita akan membahas “Words Often Confused Part 1”. Yuk simak penjelasannya berikut ini!

WORDS OFTEN CONFUSED PART I

Berikut ini terdapat beberapa kata yang seringkali salah digunakan (membingungkan) dalam sebuah kalimat:

1. Accept/Except

Accept merupakan verb yang berarti memberi jawaban positif “to give a positive answer” atau menerima “to receive.” Perhatikan contoh berikut ini!

Susan accepted his offer of a job. (gave a positive answer)
The club accepted three new members. (received)

Except sebagai verb berarti tidak menyertakan “to exclude” atau mengeluarkan “to keep out.” Perhatikan contoh berikut ini!

The boys excepted John from their club. (They did not accept him.)

Except lebih umum digunakan sebagai preposition, yang berarti kecuali “with the exception of.” Perhatikan contoh berikut ini!

Everybody except Jane went to the party. (Jane was not a member of the group that went to the party.)

Baca Juga:

Part of Speech: Verb

Part of Speech: Preposition

2. Advice/Advise

Advise merupakan verb. Contoh: The doctor advised her to quit smoking.

Advice merupakan noun. Contoh: He gave me some good advice.

Baca Juga: Part of Speech: Noun

3. All Ready/Already

All ready merupakan adjective phrase yang berarti sepenuhnya siap “completely ready.” Contoh: We were all ready to leave at eight o’clock.

Already merupakan adverb of time yang berarti sebelum “by or before a specific time.” Perhatikan beberapa contoh kalimat berikut ini!

They had already left at five o’clock. (by five o’clock)
He had already eaten when I arrived. (before I arrived)

Baca Juga: Part of Speech: Adverb

4. Altogether/All Together

Altogether merupakan adverb yang berarti sepenuhnya atau seluruhnya “completely.” Contoh: I am altogether tired.

All together merupakan adjective phrase yang berarti bersama atau dalam sebuah kelompok “in a group.” Contoh: The children are all together now and ready to go to the park.

5. Beside/Besides

Besides merupakan preposition yang berarti kecuali “except.” Contoh: Everyone besides John went to the party.

Beside merupakan preposition yang berarti selanjutnya atau di samping “next to.” Contoh: John was standing beside me. (NOT: besides me)

6. Cloth/Clothes

Cloth merupakan noun (biasanya digunakan sebagai non-count noun) yang berarti bahan atau kain “material or fabric.” Contoh: She bought some white cloth to make a wedding dress.

Clothes merupakan plural count noun yang berarti pakaian yang digunakan untuk menutupi tubuh “garments used to cover the body.” Perhatikan beberapa contoh kalimat berikut ini!

She bought a lot of clothes when she was in Paris.
Beautiful clothes are usually expensive.

Baca Juga: Countable Vs Uncountable Noun

7. Desert/Dessert

Desert merupakan area tanah kering yang ada di dunia dengan sedikit vegetasi “a dry area of the world with little vegetation.” Contoh: A large percentage of the world’s surface is a desert where very little grows.

Dessert merupakan makanan manis yang biasanya dimakan sebagai makanan penutup “a sweet food usually eaten at the end of a meal.” Contoh: We had apple pie and ice cream for dessert.

8. Differ From/Differ With

To differ from merupan tidak serupa atau sama “to be dissimilar.” Contoh: Men differ physically from women.

To differ with merupakan tidak setuju “to disagree with.” Contoh: I differ with you on this issue. (I disagree with you.)

9. Emigrate/Immigrate

To emigrate berarti meninggalkan sebuah negara untuk tinggal di negara lainnya “to leave one country to live in another.” Contoh: In the early part of this century many people emigrated from Europe. They went to live in the United States.

To immigrate berarti pindah ke sebuah negara baru “to move to a new country.” Contoh: In the early part of this century many people from Europe immigrated to the United States.

10. Farther/Further

Farther berarti ke atau pada titik ruang yang lebih jauh “to or at a more distant point in space.” (actual distance) We have to drive a few miles farther.

Further berarti ke atau pada titik yang lebih jauh dalam waktu, derajat, atau kuantitas “to or at a more distant point in time, degree, or quantity.” (figurative distance) Perhatikan beberapa contoh kalimat berikut ini!

Let us consider this problem further. (time)
We should do further research on this matter. (quantity)
Be careful not to excite the children further. (degree)

Error Examples

Berikut ini terdapat beberapa kesalahan kata dalam pada kalimat terkait “word often confused part 1”; serta, pembenarannya!

WRONG	RIGHT
John did not except my invitation to the party.	John did not accept my invitation to the party.
You will find your umbrella besides the table.	You will find your umbrella beside the table.
Please advice him that he must hurry.	Please advise him that he must hurry.
Susan gave Paul some excellent advise.	Susan gave Paul some excellent advice.
Please ask the students not to stand altogether in the hall.	Please ask the students not to stand all together in the hall.
I am all together disgusted with his behavior.	I am altogether disgusted with his behavior.
Has John really finished his homework all ready?	Has John really finished his homework already?
Dinner is already to be served.	Dinner is all ready to be served.
Mary bought new cloth to wear to the party.	Mary bought new clothes to wear to the party.
Be careful to take lots of water when you cross the dessert.	Be careful to take lots of water when you cross the desert.
Would you like a piece of cake for desert?	Would you like a piece of cake for dessert?
New York differs with Washington, D.C.	New York differs from Washington, D.C.
When discussing politics, Bob frequently differs from his father.	When discussing politics, Bob frequently differs with his father.
During times of economic hardship, people may have to immigrate from their native land.	During times of economic hardship, people may have to emigrate from their native land.
I believe Martha’s house is further down the road.	I believe Martha’s house is farther down the road.
Do you feel it is necessary to think about this matter farther?	Do you feel it is necessary to think about this matter further?

Skill Builder 6: Words Often Confused Part 1

Directions: There is an error in word choice at some of the sentences below. Decide whether the sentence is correct (C) or incorrect (I).

(___) 1. He has all ready spent next month’s allowance.

(___) 2. Mary looked all day for clothes suitable to cover the worn pillows.

(___) 3. Will John take his doctor’s advice?

(___) 4. In a surprise vote the board excepted John from membership.

(___) 5. Can you get everybody altogether for the meeting in ten minutes?

(___) 6. Helen enjoys wearing the clothes she designs.

(___) 7. The two political candidates certainly differed loudly from one another.

(___) 8. One reason people will emigrate from their country is to escape political persecution.

(___) 9. Did you look besides the sofa for your book?

(___) 10. Do not try to drive further today.

(___) 11. Will you accept my apologies?

(___) 12. Why did so many people immigrate from Uruguay to go to Australia?

(___) 13. I was surprised at the advise he gave me.

(___) 14. Steve differs with his father in physical appearance.

(___) 15. Let me give you some farther instruction.

Key Answer

1. Incorrect

2. Incorrect

3. Correct

4. Correct

5. Incorrect

6. Correct

7. Incorrect

8. Correct

9. Incorrect

10. Incorrect

11. Correct

12. Incorrect

13. Incorrect

14. Incorrect

15. Incorrect

Its Correction

1. He has already spent next month’s allowance.

2. Mary looked all day for cloth suitable to cover the worn pillows.

3. Will John take his doctor’s advice?

4. In a surprise vote the board excepted John from membership.

5. Can you get everybody all together for the meeting in ten minutes?

6. Helen enjoys wearing the clothes she designs.

7. The two political candidates certainly differed loudly with one another.

8. One reason people will emigrate from their country is to escape political persecution.

9. Did you look beside the sofa for your book?

10. Do not try to drive farther today.

11. Will you accept my apologies?

12. Why did so many people emmigrate from Uruguay to go to Australia?

13. I was surprised at the advice he gave me.

14. Steve differs from his father in physical appearance.

15. Let me give you some further instruction.

Next to >>> Style: Word Often Confused Part 2

Source

Peterson`s (www.petersons.com). (2007). Peterson`s Master TOEFL Writing Skills. Peterson`s, a Nelnet Company

Demikian tadi sekilas Pembahasan TOEFL Writing Skills terkait “Style: Word Often Confused Part 1”. Semoga bermanfaat dan dapat menambah wawasan baru bagi kita dalam mempelajari bahasa Inggris; serta, terutama bagi kalian yang ingin atau akan mengikuti tes TOEFL.

Penulis mengharapkan saran dan kritik yang membangun dari para pembaca berkaitan dengan konteks atau isi tulisan sehingga nantinya hal tersebut dapat penulis jadikan inspirasi dan motivasi untuk melakukan perbaikan dan pengembangan tulisan berikutnya. Terima kasih 😊