CHAPTER 3
DESCRIPTIVE TEXT
(TEKS DESKRIPTIF)
Mata Pelajaran : Bahasa Inggris
Kelas : VII (TUJUH)
Semester : 2 / Genap
Kompetensi Dasar :
3.7 membandingkan
fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur kebahasaan beberapa teks deskriptif
lisan dan tulis dengan memberi dan meminta informasi terkait dengan deskripsi
orang, binatang, dan benda, sangat pendek dan sederhana, sesuai dengan konteks
penggunaannya.
4.7.1 menangkap
makna secara kontekstual terkait fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur
kebahasaan teks deskriptif lisan dan
tulis, sangat pendek dan sederhana, terkait
orang, binatang, dan benda.
4.7.2 menyusun teks
deskriptif lisan dan tulis, sangat pendek dan sederhana, terkait orang, binatang, dan benda, dengan
memperhatikan fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur kebahasaan, secara benar
dan sesuai konteks.
A. Descriptive Text
1. Pengertian Descriptive Text
Descriptive text (to describe:
mendeskripsikan atau menggambarkan) adalah sebuah teks yang menjelaskan atau
menggambarkan tentang suatu hal, seperti seseorang, benda, hewan, tumbuhan,
tempat dan sebagainya secara rinci. Descriptive text mendeskripsikan bentuk,
sifat-sifat, jumlah, karakteristik, kualitas, dan lain-lain yang terdapat pada
seseorang, benda, hewan, tumbuhan, tempat dan sebagainya. Oleh karena itu, Descriptive
text ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan, menggambarkan atau mengungkapkan
seseorang, benda, atau tempat secara detail atau rinci agar pembaca dapat
memahami dan merasakan dari segi visual (tampak) ataupun non visual (tidak
tampak) pada .
2. Fungsi Sosial Descriptive Text
Social
function atau fungsi sosial dari descriptive text ini yaitu untuk untuk
menggambarkan atau menceritakan orang, tempat atau benda tertentu secara detail
sehingga seolah-olah pembaca dapat melihat atau merasakan objek tersebut (to
describe or to tell in details about someone, something, or place as if the
readers can see or feel the object).
3. Struktur Umum Descriptive Text
a. Identification
Bagian
identification berisi pendahuluan dan gambaran umum tentang suatu topik atau
objek yang dideskripsikan. Identification berfungsi sebagai pengenalan dari apa
yang kita sedang jelaskan supaya para pembaca atau pendengar tidak salah
mengerti. Misalnya penulis menceritakan terkait kucing maka ia perlu
menceritakan tentang kucing tersebut.
b. Description
Bagian
description berisi ciri-ciri khusus dari segi visual atau non-visual dan
sifat-sifat yang terdapat dalam benda, orang, binatang, atau tempat yang sedang
penulis jelaskan. Description ini disebut juga sebagai penjelasan rinci objek
yang dideskripsikan, jadi hal-hal yang berkaitan dengan objek akan diceritakan
pada bagian ini.
4. Ciri-Ciri Kebahasaan Descriptive Text
§ Menggunakan Simple Present Tense. Tenses ini
digunakan karena dalam descriptive text kita akan menjelaskan suatu fakta atau
kebenaran yang terdapat dalam suatu hal atau orang. Simple present tense
ditandai dengan penggunaan: 1) to be, seperti is, am, atau are, 3) Verb-1 (base
form) atau Verb-s/es, dan 2) auxiliary verb (kat kerja bantu), seperti do atau
does yang digunakan pada kalimat tanya atau negatif;
§ Menggunakan banyak Adjective (kata sifat). Kata Adjective
digunakan karena dalam descriptive text kita akan menjelaskan sifat - sifat
dari suatu benda, manusia, binatang, atau tempat;
§ Terdapat banyak kata
to be, seperti "is, am, atau
are". Be disebut juga sebagai relating/linking verb karena merupakan
penghubung antara subjek dengan objek. Kemudian, 'is, am, atau are' disini biasanya
diartikan 'adalah' yang mengarahkan
pada penjelasan benda, orang atau binatang yang sedang kita jelaskan (meskipun
demikian be “is, am, atau are” umunya tidak memiliki arti);
§ Descriptive text
hanya fokus pada satu objek yang
dideskripsikan.
*Catatan:
Simple Past Tense juga dapat digunakan jika
terdapat informasi, fakta, atau bukti di masa lampau (sejarah).
5. Contoh Descriptive Text
a. Descriptive Text “Joko Widodo”
Joko Widodo |
Identification |
Jokowi was nominated by his party,
the Indonesian PDI Perjuangan, to run in the 2012 Jakarta gubernatorial
election with Basuki Tjahaja Purnama (often known as Ahok) as his running
mate. Jokowi was elected as Governor of Jakarta on 20 September 2012 after a
second round runoff election in which he defeated the incumbent governor
Fauzi Bowo. Jokowi's win was widely seen as reflecting popular voter support
for "new" or "clean" leaders rather than the
"old" style of politics in Indonesia. His nomination as PDI-P candidate
for the 2014 presidential election was announced on 14 March 2014. The
presidential election was held on 9 July 2014. After some controversy about
the result of the election, Jokowi was named as president-elect on 22 July.
He was formally declared as the winner of the election by the General
Elections Commission (Komisi Pemilihan Umum or KPU), winning more than 53% of
the vote over his opponent, Prabowo Subianto, who disputed the outcome and
withdrew from the race before the count was completed. Joko Widodo, who was awarded third
pace in the 2012 World Mayor Project, became the elected governor of Jakarta
in October 2012 after serving as mayor of Surakarta (Solo) since 2005. During
his time as Mayor of Surakarta, Joko Widodo (Jokowi) turned the crime-ridden
city into a regional centre for arts and culture, which has started to
attract international tourism. His campaign against corruption earned him the
description of being the most honest politician in Indonesia. Joko Widodo’s
victory over Jakarta’s incumbent governor Fauzi Bowo was largely due to his
track record as mayor of his home town and his reputation for honesty and
humility. |
Description |
b. Descriptive Text “My Cat, Zedva”
My Cat, Zedva |
Identification |
He enjoys movie in Television , especially
chanel those for vichanel and cinemas 24. almost every day of my cat zedva
Always watch television, after the feed and Sometimes he ate while watching
television. Zedva is as finicky about visitors as he
is about what he eats, befriending some and repelling others. He may snuggle
up against your ankle, begging to be petted, or he may imitate a skunk and
stain your favorite trousers. Zedva does not do this to establish his territory, as many cat experts think, but to humiliate me because he is jealous of my friends. After my guests have fled, I look at the
old fleabag snoozing and smiling to himself in front of the television set, and I have to forgive
him for his obnoxious, but endearing, habits. Source: https://brechonana.blogspot.com/2015/01/contoh-descriptive-text-bahasa-inggris.html accessed on 9th
January 2021 |
Description |
c. Descriptive Text “The Eiffel Tower”
The Eiffel Tower |
Identification |
The tower stands 324 meters (1,063 ft)
tall, about the same height as an 81-story building. Upon its completion, it
surpassed the Washington Monument to assume the title of tallest man-made
structure in the world, a title it held for 41 years until the Chrysler
Building in New York City was built in 1930; however, due to the addition in
1957 of the antenna, the tower is now taller than the Chrysler Building. Not
including broadcast antennas, it is the second-tallest structure in France
after the 2004 Millau Viaduct. The tower has three levels for
visitors. Tickets can be purchased to ascend, by stairs or lift, to the first and second levels. The walk to the first level is over 300 steps, as is the walk from the first to the second level. The third and highest level is accessible only by elevator. Both the first and second levels feature restaurants. The tower has become the most prominent symbol of both Paris and France, often in the establishing shot of films set
in the city. |
Description |
See also:
1.
Kinds of Tense: Present Tense
7.
Part of Speech: Conjunction
8.
Auxiliary
Verb: Primary & Modal Auxiliary Verb
References:
1.
https://www.jagoanbahasainggris.com/2017/04/materi-dan-soal-bahasa-inggris-descriptive-text-kelas-7-smp.html accessed on 22nd
December 2020
Demikian
tadi sekilas penjelasan Materi Bahasa Inggris Kelas VII Semester 2 terkait “Descriptive Text”. Semoga bermanfaat
dan dapat menambah wawasan baru bagi kita dalam belajar bahasa Inggris. Terima
kasih...
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