Conditionals
Conditional Sentence = If Clause, + Main ClauseAtauConditional Sentence = Main Clause + If Clause
a.
Pada present time
(masa kini), past tense digunakan sebagai the if-clause dan past future tense
(past modal), seperti would, could, or might + simple verb (Verb-1) digunakan
sebagai result clause. Perhatikan contoh conditional sentence berikut ini!
If he studied, he could
get good grades. (He doesn’t study.)
If he came to school, I would
give him your message. (He doesn’t come to school.)
If he had come to school, I would
have given. (He didn’t come to school.)
Summary
If Clause |
Resut Clause |
If + present tense |
Will Verb-1 |
If + past tense |
Would Verb-1 |
If + past perfect tense |
Would have Verb-3 |
Catatan:
a.
Secara umum,
hindari penggunaan will atau would pada if-clause.
b.
Pada present-time
unreal if-clauses, be “were” digunakan untuk seluruh subjek dan kata ganti
orang. Contohnya:
If
he were rich, he would go to Europe to study.
If I were you, I would study
harder.
c.
Umumnya, modal
auxiliary verb, seperti will dan would, digunakan pada result
clause. Sementara itu, modal auxiliary lainnya seperti, can, could, shall,
should, may, might, dan sebagainya, juga dapat digunakan pada result
clause. Hal ini tergantung pada konteks atau maksud conditional sentence itu
sendiri; apakah bermaksud sebagai kalimat pengandaian, nasehat, perintah,
keinginan, dan kemampuan.
Error Examples
Wrong Sentence |
Right Sentence |
If I will win the contest, I will
buy a new car. |
If I win the contest, I will
buy a new car. |
If you had lost your job, what would
you do? |
If you lost your job, what would
you do? OR If you had lost your job, what would
you have done? |
If I had been there, I would
make a speech. |
If I were there, I would make
a speech. OR If I had been there, I would
have made a speech. |
If they had ask me, I would
have given them my opinion. |
If they had asked me, I would
have given them my opinion. |
If Bob had studied more, he would
have pass the test. |
If Bob had studied more, he would
have passed the test. |
If Jane had known it was supposed
to rain, she would have took an umbrella. |
RIGHT: If Jane had known it was
supposed to rain, she would have taken an umbrella. |
If I would have a degree from that
university, I would get a good job. |
If I had a degree from that
university, I would get a good job. |
If he would have been on time, we would
have asked him to the party. |
If he had been on time, we would
have asked him to the party. |
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