A. Pengertian Simple Present Tenses
B. Fungsi Simple Present Tense
a) I always have a breakfast before I go to school. (Kebiasaan)b) The earth is the third planet in this universe. (Kebenaran Umum)c) After heavy rain, the flood makes the traffics jam. (Judul Berita)d) Miko reads the book. Then, I listen to him. Jesica writes some note. (Kejadian yang Berurutan di Masa Kini)
C. Rumus
Simple Present Tense
a. Pola Kalimat Nominal (be (is, am, are) + ANA)
Pola Kalimat Nominal |
+) S + is/ am/ are + 3C |
-) S + is/ am/ are + not + 3C |
?) Is/ am/ are + S+ 3C? |
Contoh:(+) My sister is cute. (Saudariku lucu)(-) Shania is not a doctor. (Shania bukan seorang dokter)(?) Are you in the library? (Apakah kamu di perpustakaan?)Answer:Yes, I am atauNo, I am not/ I’m not
b. Pola Kalimat Verbal (Verb-1 atau Verb-s/es)
Pola Kalimat Verbal |
(+) Subject + Verb-1 atau Verb-s/es + Object |
(-) Subject + do/does not + Verb-1 + Object |
(?) Do/does + Subject + Verb-1 + Object? |
Contoh:(+) Mirna often sends a letter to me. (Mirna sering mengirimkan surat kepadaku)(-) Chika and Chiki do not come to the class today. (Chika dan Chiki tidak masuk kelas hari ini).(?) Do they understand to Mr. Eric’s explanation? (Apakah mereka paham pada penjelasan Pak Eric?)Answer:Yes, They do atauNo, They do not.
D. Modal
atau Auxiliary Verb pada Simple Present Tense
Subject |
Auxiliary Verb |
Verb Kalimat (+) |
|
Be |
Do/Does |
||
I |
Am |
Do |
Verb-1 |
You |
Are |
Do |
Verb-1 |
They |
Are |
Do |
Verb-1 |
We |
Are |
Do |
Verb-1 |
Plural; Mark & John,
the students, … |
Are |
Do |
Verb-1 |
He |
Is |
Does |
Verb-s/es |
She |
Is |
Does |
Verb-s/es |
It |
Is |
Does |
Verb-s/es |
Singular; Joni, the
student, … |
Is |
Does |
Verb-s/es |
§ Dalam kalimat
negatif, auxiliary verb, yaitu be (is/am/are) atau do/does, diikuti dengan “not”; dan be (is/am/are) dapat
juga disingkat
dengan “not”. Selain itu, dalam
kalimat positif, be juga seringkali
disingkat dengan Subjek (Nama Orang).
Perhatikan table berikut ini!
Auxiliary
Verb + not |
Contraction |
Is + not |
Isn’t |
Am + not |
--- |
Are + not |
Aren’t |
Do + not |
Don’t |
Does + not |
Doesn’t |
Subject +
Auxiliary Verb |
Contraction |
I + am |
I’m |
You + are |
You’re |
They + are |
They’re |
We + are |
We’re |
He + is |
He’s |
She + is |
She’s |
It + is |
It’s |
*) Kadangkala kalian bisa menemukan be (is atau
are) disingkat dengan Subjek yang berupa nama seseorang. Misalnya: Andy’s = Andy is, Mella’s = Mella is, dan lain-lain.
E. Adverb
pada Simple Present Tense
Adverb of Time |
Artinya |
Everyday |
Setiap hari |
Every Morning |
Setiap pagi |
Every night |
Setiap malam |
Every Sunday |
Setiap hari Minggu |
Every week |
Setiap pekan |
On Monday |
Pada hari Senin |
Adverb of Frequency |
Artinya |
Sometimes |
Kadang-kadang |
Always |
Selalu |
Often |
Sering |
Seldom |
Jarang |
Usually/habitually |
Biasanya |
Rarely |
Jarang sekali |
*Once a week |
Seminggu sekali |
*Three times a day |
Tiga kali sehari |
Catatan:
a) Adverb
of Time:
We
have a breakfast every morning atau Every morning we have a
breakfast. (Kita sarapan setiap pagi)
Safa
goes shopping in the market every Sunday atau Every Sunday Safa
goes shopping in the market. (Safa berbelanja di pasar setiap Minggu)
b) Adverb
of Frequency
They
always learn English at school. (Mereka selalu belajar bahasa Inggris di
sekolah)
Danial
usually plays football with Doni in his house yard. (Danial selalu
bermain sepak bola dengan Doni di halaman rumahnya)
F. Contoh
Simple Present Tense
1) We study Math at school every Monday. (Kita belajar Matematika di sekolah setiap hari Senin)
2) *Don`t you remember this place? (Tidakkah kamu mengingat tempat ini?)
3) Rahma doesn`t bring her book today. (Rahma tidak membawa bukunya hari ini)
4) John reads some novels at school library. (John membaca beberapa novel di perpustakaan sekolah)
5) My father is a hard worker. (Ayahku adalah seorang pekerja keras)
6) His mother isn’t at home today. (Ibuku tidak di rumah hari ini?)
7) Hana`s brother usually goes fishing with his uncle at the river. (Saudara Hana biasanya memancing bersama pamannya di sungai)
8) Every Sunday my family and I do camping at the beach. (Setiap Minggu keluargaku dan aku pergi berkemah di pantai)
9) Reva and Ravi do not like durian. (Reva dan Ravi tidak menyukai durian
10) Is Shonia a new student here? (Apakah Shonia siswa baru di sini?)
11) Does Martha know about the issue? (Apakah Martha tahu tentang isu tersebut?)
12) Are you hungry right now? (Apakah kamu lapar sekarang?)
13) They have a dinner with their family tonight. (Mereka makan malam bersama keluarganya malam ini?)
14) *Does Ema not tell the truth to his friends? (Apakah Ema tidak menceritakan kebenaran itu kepada teman-temannya?)
15) My friends always support me in every situation. (Teman-temanku selalu mendukungku di berbagai situasi)
Kalimat Nominal Negative |
Example |
Be (is, are) not + Subject + Complement? |
Aren’t you thirsty? Isn’t your uncle at home? |
Be (is, am, are) + Subject + not +
Complement? |
Are you not thirsty? Is your uncle not at home? Am I not tidy? |
Kalimat Verbal Negative |
Example |
Don`t/Doesn`t + Subject + Verb-1 + Object? |
Don’t you understand his explanation? Doesn’t Ela finish her task? |
Do/Does + Subject + not + Verb-1 + Object? |
Do you not understand his explanation? Does Ela not finish her task? |
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